The difference between the brushless motor and brushed motor

In modern motor technology, brushless motors and brushed motors are two common motor types. They have significant differences in terms of working principles, performance advantages and disadvantages, etc.

First of all, from the working principle, brushed motors rely on brushes and commutators to switch current, thereby producing rotational motion. The contact of the brushes with the commutator causes friction, which not only results in energy loss but also wears the brushes, thereby affecting the service life of the motor. In contrast, brushless motors use electronic commutation technology, using sensors to detect the position of the rotor, and adjusting the direction of the current through a controller. This design eliminates the need for brushes, thereby reducing friction and wear and increasing the efficiency and reliability of the motor.

In terms of performance, brushless motors generally exhibit higher efficiency and better thermal management capabilities. Since there are no friction losses from brushes, brushless motors are able to run at higher speeds and have lower temperature rise over long periods of use. In addition, brushless motors have faster start and stop response times, making them suitable for applications requiring high dynamic performance, such as electric vehicles and drones. However, brushed motors still have certain advantages in low-speed and high-torque applications, especially when the cost is lower and they are suitable for some simple household appliances and small equipment.

Although brushless motors are superior to brushed motors in many ways, they are not without their drawbacks. The control system of brushless motors is relatively complex and usually requires additional electronic components and controllers, which increases the cost and complexity of the overall system. In addition, for certain low-power applications, the simple design and lower manufacturing costs of brushed motors make them still competitive. In general, which motor type to choose should be determined according to the specific application needs, budget and performance requirements.

In summary, whether it is a brushed motor or a brushless motor, they have irreplaceable advantages. By understanding these differences, both producers and consumers can make more informed choices.